![]() ![]() The following morning a broken Lucretia sends for her husband and tells him what has happened. Tarquinius immediately heads to Rome, enters Lucretia’s house and rapes her during the night. Junius, distraught at his own spouse’s behaviour, ends up goading young Tarquinius into testing Lucretia’s chastity himself. ![]() The previous night a group of soldiers rode back to Rome to discover that all of their wives were betraying their husbands, with the exception of Collatinus’s wife Lucretia. ![]() ![]() Instead, his son Sextus Tarquinius is camped outside Rome with the generals Collatinus and Junius, passing the time by drinking. To mask troubles at home he has waged war with Greece, but no actual fighting is currently taking place. during the reign of the seventh and final King of Rome Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, who is viewed as an ‘Etruscan upstart’ who murdered his way to the throne. It is set towards the end of the sixth century B.C. With an English libretto by Ronald Duncan that is based on André Obey’s play Le Viol de Lucrèce, the piece premiered at Glyndebourne Festival Opera in 1946 and was seen there again in 2015 following the development of a touring version in 2013. The history of the Tarquins was probably distorted by anti-Etruscan propaganda among the Romans, who resented the Etruscan overlords dominant in Rome from the 8th to the 6th cent.Benjamin Britten’s The Rape of Lucretiais the first work to which he applied his term ‘chamber opera’. While scholars have tended to reject the entire Tarquin legend, some have recently begun to accept a tentative and modified account of the story. Porsena did not restore the Tarquin monarchy, and, although Rome was seriously weakened, Etruscan supremacy there was at an end. The two sons of Lucius Junius Brutus (see under Brutus), in opposition to the policy of their father, headed a conspiracy within Rome to restore Tarquin, but it failed. An army under Lars Porsena marched against the Romans, and Rome (contrary to Roman historical accounts) was forced to surrender and to yield a large amount of territory. Lucius Junius Brutus and Collatinus were elected consuls, and Tarquin fled north and appealed to Etruria to restore him to his throne. After the subsequent suicide of Lucretia, her husband, Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus, and the Brutus family (to which Lucretia belonged) raised a rebellion. The romantic reason traditionally given for the deposition of Tarquin was the rape of Lucretia (see Lucrece) by his son Sextus Tarquinius. Despised by the people for his tyranny, he sought to win favor by successful wars but was deposed (510 BC) by the senate. Under his rule Etruscan influence was at its height, and the power of the monarchy was absolute. After a reign of 44 years, Tullius was murdered by Priscus' son Lucius Tarquinius Superbus (Tarquin the Proud), who thereupon seized the throne. Through the influence of Priscus' wife, Tanaquil, the plot was halted and the kingship passed to Servius Tullius, Priscus' son-in-law. After a reign of 38 years he was assassinated by the sons of Ancus Martius, who were involved in a patrician plot attempting to limit the kingship to a religious role only. During his reign Etruscan influences appeared in Roman politics, religion, and art. He is credited with the building of the first Circus Maximus and the Forum. Priscus fought successfully against the Sabines and subjugated all Latium to Rome. He rose to high position, and on the death of Ancus Martius (c.616 BC) he either seized the Roman throne or was elected to it by a coalition of Etruscan families. At her urging he went to Rome, became a citizen, and took the name Lucius Tarquinius Priscus. Lucumo married Tanaquil, a daughter of the Etruscan aristocracy and a prophetess of high repute. According to the historian Livy, when the rule of the Bacchiadae in Corinth was overthrown (c.657 BC) by the tyrant Cypselus, Demaratus, a Corinthian noble, migrated to Tarquinii, Etruria, where he married into one of the leading Etruscan families and had two sons, Aruns and Lucumo. Tarquin (tär´kwĬn), in Roman tradition, an Etruscan family that ruled Rome. ![]()
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